نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

استادیار مجتمع آموزش عالی لارستان

چکیده

با توجه به اهمیت روزافزون روابط اقتصادی و مسائل بالقوه زیست محیطی، رابطه رشد اقتصادی با تخریب زیست محیطی مسئله بسیار مهمی است. در این تحقیق چگونگی تأثیر پذیری انتشار  (به عنوان اصلی ترین عامل ایجاد آلودگی) از رشد درآمد سرانه، نوآوری، مصرف انرژی‌های تجدیدپذیر و استخراج از منابع انرژی در یک الگوی سیستم معادلات همزمان غیرخطی برای ایران در دوره زمانی (1398-1358) بررسی شده است. با بررسی طیف وسیعی از مطالعات، در کمتر مطالعه داخلی یا خارجی رابطه درآمد سرانه، استخراج منابع اولیه انرژی (نفت و گاز)، تولید انرژی‌های تجدید پذیر و نوآوری به صورت هم زمان و در قالب 4 معادله غیر خطی و خطی مورد بررسی و برآورد قرار گرفته است. همچنین روش بهینه‌سازی چند هدفه و کاربرد آن برای برآورد معادلات هم زمان در الگوهای اقتصاد سنجی به منظور برآورد الگوی تحقیق بسط داده شده است. برای اقتصاد ایران نتایج نشان می‌دهد که نوآوری نتوانسته است تاثیر معناداری بر کاهش انتشار آلودگی داشته باشد. همچنین، مصرف انرژی‌های تجدیدپذیر تاثیر معناداری بر کاهش انتشار  نداشته است. از طرفی، وجود فرضیه زیست محیطی کوزنتس با وجود منابع انرژی اولیه، انرژی‌های تجدید پذیر و نوآوری برای اقتصاد ایران تأیید شد و ایران بر اساس برآوردها در قسمت صعودی این منحنی قرار دارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Simultaneous Effect of Innovation, Renewable Energy Consumption, and Primary Energy Resources on Pollution (Case Study: Iranian Economy)

نویسنده [English]

  • Ali Hossein Ostadzad

Ph.D. in Economics, Assistant Professor, Larestan University, Larestan, Iran

چکیده [English]

Due to the importance of economic relations and environmental potential issues, the relationship between economic growth and environmental degradation is a very important issue. Therefore, understanding the relationship between GDP growth, consumption and extraction of fossil fuels, use of renewable energy, and  emissions in the Iranian economy are very important for sustainable development. In this study, we try to investigate how  emissions (as the main cause of pollution) are affected by per capita income growth, innovation, renewable energy consumption, and extraction from non-renewable energy resources in a model with four equations (for Iran in period 1979 to 2019). By reviewing the wide range of studies, the framework developed in this paper has not been investigated in domestic or international studies. On the other hand, in this research, for estimating nonlinear simultaneous equations, the multi-objective optimization method and its application for estimating simultaneous equations in econometrics have been developed. (This method can be a way to estimate nonlinear simultaneous equations in future studies). The results showed innovation activities have not been able to have a significant effect on reducing pollution emissions for the Iranian economy. Also, we found out the consumption of renewable energy has not had a significant effect on reducing pollution emissions. Also, the existence of the Kuznets environmental hypothesis was confirmed and Iran is in the upward part of this curve.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Renewable Energy
  • Kuznets Environmental Curve
  • Innovation
  • Primary Energy Resources
  • Multi-objective optimization method
  • simultaneous equations system
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