نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استاد، دانشکده اقتصاد، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، خوزستان، ایران

2 استادیار، دانشکده اقتصاد، دانشگاه علوم و فنون دریایی خرمشهر، خوزستان، ایران

3 کارشناسی ارشد رشته اقتصاد انرژی، دانشگاه علوم و فنون دریایی خرمشهر، خوزستان، ایران

چکیده

گسترش سریع مناطق شهری در کشورهای صادرکننده نفت خام عضو سازمان اوپک و وابستگی زیاد اقتصاد آن‌ها به مصرف نفت خام، باعث تغییرات جدی زیست‌محیطی در این کشورها شده است. ازاین‌رو بررسی عوامل تأثیرگذار بر انتشار دی‌اکسیدکربن مانند رشد اقتصادی، مصرف انرژی و شهرنشینی در این کشورها حائز اهمیت است. در این مقاله به بررسی تأثیر رشد اقتصادی، مصرف انرژی و شهرنشینی بر انتشار دی‌اکسیدکربن پرداختیم. بدین‌منظور نمونه‌ای شامل ۸ کشور عضو سازمان اوپک برای دوره ۲۰۰۸ تا ۲۰۱۸ انتخاب شد. با توجه به وجود اثر مجاورت از اقتصادسنجی فضایی برای بررسی اثرات سرریز از کشورهای همسایه استفاده شده است. نتایج نشان دادکه وابستگی فضایی در بین کشورهای بررسی‌شده وجود دارد. تجزیه و تحلیل سرریز فضایی به تفکیک نشان داد که هر دو اثر رشد اقتصادی و جمعیت شهری محلی (مستقیم) و سرریزفضایی (غیر مستقیم) انتشار دی‌اکسیدکربن در هر کشور و کشورهای همسایه را افزایش می‌دهد، ولی میزان اثر مستقیم بیش از میزان اثر غیرمستقیم بر کشورهای دیگر است. این واقعیت که آلودگی محیط زیست ناشی از رشد اقتصادی و توسعه مناطق شهری و افزایش مصرف انرژی‌های تجدیدناپذیر در هر کدام از این کشورهای مورد مطالعه بر کیفیت محیط زیست کشورهای همسایه نیز تأثیر می‌گذارد، زمینه همکاری را بین کشورهای عضو سازمان اوپک که در مجاورت یکدیگر قرار دارند، برای توسعه فناوری تولید انرژی‌های پاک (انواع انرژی‌های تجدیدپذیر) را فراهم می‌کند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Impact of Economic Growth, Energy Consumption, and Urbanization on the CO2 Emission of a Selected Group of OPEC Countries: A Spatial Econometric Approach

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mansour Zarranejad 1
  • Hamidreza Abdollahian 2
  • Aram Amirnia 3
  • Soheil Saidian 2

1 Professor of Economics, Faculty of Economics, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Khuzestan, Iran

2 Assistant Professor, Faculty of Economics, Khorramshahr of Marine Science and Technology, Khuzestan, Iran

3 M.A. in Energy Economics, Faculty of Economics, Khorramshahr of Marine Science and Technology, Khuzestan, Iran

چکیده [English]

The swift expansion of urban areas in OPEC member countries and the great reliance their economy has on the consumption of crude oil have led to drastic environmental changes in these states. Therefore, it is important to investigate the factors influencing the emission of CO2 such as economic growth, energy consumption, and urbanization in these countries. Economic growth and energy consumption are among the other influential factors. In this article, the effect of economic growth, energy consumption, and urbanization on the emission of CO2 has been studied. Thus, a sample of eight OPEC members was chosen for the duration of 2008 to 2018. Due to the effects of proximity, a spatial econometric approach was taken to investigate the spillover effects of neighboring countries. The results showed the existence of spatial reliance between the countries under study. The separate analysis of the spillover demonstrated that the effect of both economic and local urban population growth (direct) and spillover (indirect) increased the emission of CO2 in each country and its neighboring state, but the amount of direct effect was more than the indirect on other countries. The reality that environmental pollution resulting from economic growth and the development of urban areas and the increase of the consumption of nonrenewable energy in each of the studied countries also influence the environment of their neighboring states has laid the foundation for cooperation between neighboring OPEC countries to develop the technology to produce clean, renewable energy.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • : economic growth
  • urbanization
  • energy consumption
  • spillover effect
  • CO2 emission
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