• مطالعات اقتصادی مرتبط با حاملهای انرژی (فسیلی، تجدیدپذیر و برق)
Sara Keshkar; Gholam Ali Kargar; Amir Ansari Ardali
Abstract
This qualitative study investigated the impact of utilizing renewable energy sources in football stadiums. The research focused on experts in sustainable development, stadium managers, and technical engineers involved in the Iranian Football Premier League from 2019 to 2020. Data analysis was conducted ...
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This qualitative study investigated the impact of utilizing renewable energy sources in football stadiums. The research focused on experts in sustainable development, stadium managers, and technical engineers involved in the Iranian Football Premier League from 2019 to 2020. Data analysis was conducted using qualitative content analysis methods. Research participants were selected through purposeful and snowball sampling methods, ultimately leading to 12 interviews that reached theoretical saturation. The analysis resulted in 44 open codes, which were further categorized into three key concepts: environmental management, improving the social and cultural situation, and enhancing the economic status. These categories encompassed areas such as reducing environmental risks, managing energy resources and pollution, improving social attitudes and welfare services, urban beautification, reducing organizational costs, promoting the stadium's brand, and generating income. Given global environmental crises and the impact of sports on the environment, it is recommended that government officials, policymakers, and sports managers support the utilization of renewable energy sources like solar and wind energy in football stadiums. These actions are necessary for sustainable development and carbon-free sports.
• مطالعات اقتصادی مرتبط با حاملهای انرژی (فسیلی، تجدیدپذیر و برق)
Mahdieh Rezagholizadeh; Majid Aghaei; saman badbareh
Abstract
Reports from the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) predict that the expansion of renewable energy resources at the regional level significantly influences employment, contributing to the creation of direct, indirect, and induced jobs across various sectors. In light of this, the present study ...
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Reports from the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) predict that the expansion of renewable energy resources at the regional level significantly influences employment, contributing to the creation of direct, indirect, and induced jobs across various sectors. In light of this, the present study examines the impact of renewable energy development on employment in two groups of countries—developing and developed—both possessing renewable energy resources, over the period 2008 to 2022. The analysis employs the Dynamic Ordinary Least Squares (DOLS) method.The findings reveal that installed renewable energy capacity has a positive effect on employment in both country groups, contributing to increased job opportunities. Furthermore, the study identifies a positive relationship between GDP and employment in both developing and developed countries. In contrast, wages show a negative association with employment across both groups. Finally, the results indicate that gross capital formation positively affects employment in developing countries but has a negative impact in developed countries.
مطالعات اقتصادی مرتبط با حاملهای انرژی (فسیلی، تجدیدپذیر و برق)
Mohmmad zaheriabdevand; Ahmad Sarlak; Maryam sharifnezhad
Abstract
Energy is one of the most important economic factors in growth and development, which increases its consumption and is harmful to the environment. Therefore, according to the need to use energy, energy is a necessity from energy sources. The use of energy sources from several components that can use ...
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Energy is one of the most important economic factors in growth and development, which increases its consumption and is harmful to the environment. Therefore, according to the need to use energy, energy is a necessity from energy sources. The use of energy sources from several components that can use it, the importance of which is social capital. In this regard, the current research was conducted with the aim of investigating the impact of social capital on the consumption of renewable energy in OPEC member countries in the period of 2015-2024 and using the method of dynamic joint correlated effects. The results show that social capital has a positive effect on renewable energy consumption in OPEC member countries. In this regard, in order to accelerate the transition towards renewable energy consumption, attention and strengthening of social capital in OPEC member countries should be considered.
• مطالعات اقتصادی مرتبط با حاملهای انرژی (فسیلی، تجدیدپذیر و برق)
Seyyed Mohammad Ghaem Zabihi; Fatemeh Akbari; Narges Salehnia
Abstract
The current research seeks to investigate the effects of fintech and the quality of governance on the transition of green energy in the Group of 7 (G7) countries in the annual period from 2000 to 2021, with the help of panel quantile regression. The experimental results confirm that the fintech index ...
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The current research seeks to investigate the effects of fintech and the quality of governance on the transition of green energy in the Group of 7 (G7) countries in the annual period from 2000 to 2021, with the help of panel quantile regression. The experimental results confirm that the fintech index (FIN) positively and significantly affects the logarithm of transition to green energy in all deciles. Also, the quality of governance (GOV) in all deciles positively affects the logarithm of the transition to green energy, and the first, eighth, and ninth deciles have statistical significance. The logarithm of urbanization (LURB) negatively and significantly affects the logarithm of transition to green energy in all deciles. The logarithm of foreign direct investment (LFDI) up to the fifth decile has a negative effect on the logarithm of transition to green energy, and only the first and second deciles have statistical significance. The logarithm of gross domestic product per capita (LGDP) in all deciles has a positive effect on the logarithm of transition to green energy, and except for the sixth, eighth, and ninth deciles, the rest have statistical significance. Also, the variables of urbanization, foreign direct investment, and GDP per capita (through increasing demand for fintech services due to the increase in the population of cities and economic growth and helping to develop fintech infrastructure by attracting foreign investment) have a positive relationship with fintech indicators and the quality of governance.
• مطالعات اقتصادی مرتبط با حاملهای انرژی (فسیلی، تجدیدپذیر و برق)
Mohamad Reza Salmani Bishak; pegah gorbanpour
Abstract
Renewable energy is a crucial alternative energy source in terms of sustainable growth and climate change. This paper analyzes the causal relationship between renewable energy consumption and economic growth in 26 developing countries over the period 1990–2020. The study employs the bootstrap panel ...
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Renewable energy is a crucial alternative energy source in terms of sustainable growth and climate change. This paper analyzes the causal relationship between renewable energy consumption and economic growth in 26 developing countries over the period 1990–2020. The study employs the bootstrap panel causality test developed by Konya (2006) to account for cross-sectional dependence. Konya’s (2006) method is based on seemingly unrelated regressions (SUR) and Wald tests with country-specific bootstrap critical values.The results indicate that the causal relationship between renewable energy consumption and economic growth varies across the examined countries, manifesting both symmetric and asymmetric patterns depending on each country's specific conditions. In some countries, evidence of bidirectional causality between these two variables was observed, while in others, a unidirectional causal relationship was confirmed, either from renewable energy consumption to economic growth or vice versa. Moreover, the findings reveal that relying on aggregated data could alter the conclusions, highlighting the necessity of conducting causality analysis at the country level. These findings emphasize the impact of renewable energy policies on the economic growth of developing countries and provide valuable insights for policymakers in formulating sustainable energy strategies.
• مطالعات اقتصادی مرتبط با حاملهای انرژی (فسیلی، تجدیدپذیر و برق)
Mahboobeh Farahati; Leyla Salimi; Mehdi Gholizadeh Eratbeni
Abstract
The lack of security, political dependencies, the formation, and the increase in environmental problems are the main reasons for changing the approach to energy supply from fossil fuels to renewable energies. This alteration requires financial support for the extraction of renewable energies. Foreign ...
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The lack of security, political dependencies, the formation, and the increase in environmental problems are the main reasons for changing the approach to energy supply from fossil fuels to renewable energies. This alteration requires financial support for the extraction of renewable energies. Foreign direct investment, investment in research and development, and financial market development are among the Financing methods that also impact the consumption of renewable energies. This study aims to assess the impact of these financing methods on the consumption of renewable energies across 26 developing countries during the period from 2008 to 2019. Findings from panel model estimations indicate that foreign direct investment and investment in research and development have a positive and significant effect on the consumption of renewable energy, while the development of financial markets does not have a significant effect on the consumption of renewable energies. Based on the results, since the defined methods of financing do not have an adverse effect on renewable energy consumption, it is recommended that the government, to guarantee the indicators of the nation's welfare, including environmental quality, put the laws covering these financing methods in the main plan and support
• مطالعات اقتصادی مرتبط با حاملهای انرژی (فسیلی، تجدیدپذیر و برق)
Yazdan Gudarzi farahani; Zoleikha Morsali Arzanagh; Mohsen Mehrara
Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effect of investment in renewable energy on Iran's macroeconomic variables. In this regard, statistical information related to the period 1991-2022 was used. For this purpose, the stochastic dynamic general equilibrium method was used. The information used ...
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The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effect of investment in renewable energy on Iran's macroeconomic variables. In this regard, statistical information related to the period 1991-2022 was used. For this purpose, the stochastic dynamic general equilibrium method was used. The information used in this article was collected from the Central Bank of Iran and the Ministry of Energy. The theoretical framework of the present study will be based on investment models, optimization and inter-sectoral balance. In this study, the effects of investment in the field of renewable energy through public and private companies are included in the model. The results obtained from the investment shock in the field of renewable energy indicated that investment in this sector had the greatest impact on the growth of economic added value in the industry, services, agriculture, and oil and gas sectors. Also, the obtained results indicate that in order to increase social welfare and achieve economic development, a 4-year investment period with a 50% growth in the field of renewable energy infrastructure in the country is necessary.
• مطالعات اقتصادی مرتبط با حاملهای انرژی (فسیلی، تجدیدپذیر و برق)
Fatemeh Rastehmoghadam; Mohammad Nabi Shahiki Tash; Emad Kazemzadeh
Abstract
Air pollution has emerged as a critical concern for contemporary human societies due to its significant implications for both economic stability and public health. This research investigated the potential of renewable energy adoption to enhance air quality and mitigate mortality rates associated with ...
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Air pollution has emerged as a critical concern for contemporary human societies due to its significant implications for both economic stability and public health. This research investigated the potential of renewable energy adoption to enhance air quality and mitigate mortality rates associated with air pollution. Employing the quantile regression method, the study analyzed data spanning from 1996 to 2018 across the member nations of the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership. The findings indicated a statistically significant and negative correlation between renewable energy consumption and air pollution-induced mortality across all quantile ranges. Consequently, the implementation of renewable energy sources in managing air pollutants was found to contribute to a reduction in mortality and an improvement in air quality. Furthermore, increased gross domestic product was observed to correlate with decreased air pollution-related mortality, while carbon dioxide emissions and the rate of urbanization were associated with a rise in such mortality. These results underscore the potential of promoting renewable energy and managing emissions as effective strategies for bolstering public health and alleviating the adverse effects of air contamination.IntroductionRapid industrialization in recent decades has led to high levels of air pollution, causing numerous health problems. Air pollution originates from various sources, including the burning of solid fuels in homes, particulate matter from industry and transportation, and ground-level ozone. The emission of air pollutants and the resulting climate change pose a significant challenge that has garnered much attention. The overuse of fossil fuels for energy production is a primary cause of these pollutants, leading to respiratory and cardiovascular diseases, as well as global warming.To address these issues, reducing dependence on fossil fuels and adopting renewable energy sources is essential. Renewable energies not only do decrease air pollution but also help preserve the environment. Recent researches indicate that the use of renewable energy can improve human health by reducing pollutants. Economic collaborations, such as the "Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership" (RCEP) agreement, can also be effective in reducing air pollution. RCEP member countries constitute a large portion of the global economy and population and account for a substantial share of global emissions.Given these points, the main research question of this study is:Can the consumption of renewable energy reduce the number of deaths caused by air pollution in RCEP member countries?This research also examines the impact of economic growth, urbanization rate, and carbon dioxide on deaths caused by air pollution. The main objective is to identify the effect of renewable energy consumption on air pollution-related mortality in RCEP member countries using the quantile regression method over the period from 1990 to 2018. This topic is important due to its direct impact on public health.Methods and MaterialIn this research, we employ quantile regression to investigate the conditional quantiles of the dependent variable. Introduced by Koenker and Bassett Jr. in the 1970s, quantile regression is a method in statistics and econometrics used to model and analyze the effects of variables on different quantiles of the response variable's distribution. It focuses on estimating "how much" of the lowest and highest possible values of a dependent variable are influenced by a set of independent variables, rather than just the mean.In quantile regression, a specific confidence level (τ, a value between 0 and 1) is chosen, and the estimator calculates the desired quantile for the dependent variable. For instance, setting τ to 0.05 allows the estimation of the 0.05th (lower tail) and implicitly the 0.95th (upper tail) quantiles. This method is particularly useful for modeling more complex relationships and the nonlinear impact of independent variables, serving as an alternative to mean regression (like linear regression) and aiding in the analysis of heterogeneously distributed data.Moment-based Quantile RegressionTo analyze the distributional heterogeneity across countries within a panel dataset, we utilize the moment-based quantile regression approach developed by Machado and Silva (2005, 2019). This method estimates different quantiles of the outcome distribution by accounting for unobserved effects across the distribution. Following Fouquau et al. (2021), this approach assumes that the independent variables influence the dependent variable solely through a location shift. Furthermore, it examines the conditional correlation effects of the determinants of air pollution-related mortality at various quantiles.The moment-based quantile regression model can be summarized as follows:Qit (τ∣Xit) = (αi + δiq(τ))+yit′β+Zit′γq(τ) (1)In Equation (1), αi(τ)=αi+δiq(τ) is a scalar coefficient indicating the τ-quantile fixed effects for a country. Since this coefficient is not location-invariant, the distributional impact differs from the classical fixed effect. Moreover, time-invariant characteristics captured by the distributional effect allow other variables to affect the countries under investigation in different ways (Machado & Silva, 2019).In this study, we use the quantile regression model to examine the effects of gross domestic product (GDP), renewable energy (RE), carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, and urbanization rate (UP) on air pollution-related mortality (Y). The model is specified as:QYit (τ∣ξt , Xit) = αi+ξt+β1τCO2it+β2τ REit+β3τ GDPit+β4τ UPit(2)Where GDP, CO2, RE, and UP represent economic growth, carbon dioxide emissions, renewable energy consumption, and urbanization rate, respectively, in order to analyze their effects on mortality due to air pollution.Results and DiscussionThe purpose of tables and figures in documents is to enhance your readers’ understanding of the information presented in the document. It is much lucid and efficient if the information is communicated in tables or figures.Limit the use of borders or lines in a table to those needed for clarity. In general, use a border at the top and bottom of the table, beneath column headings, and above column spanners. You may also use a border to separate a row containing totals or other summary information from other rows in the table.Do not use vertical borders to separate data and do not use borders around every cell in a table. Use spacing between columns and rows and strict alignment to clarify relations among the elements in a table. Also, add one blank double-spaced line between the table and any text to improve the visual presentation. Note that the Table 12 presents the results of the panel quantile regression. The coefficients for each independent variable across different quantiles (10th, 25th, 50th, 75th, and 90th percentiles) can be interpreted as follows:Carbon Dioxide (lCO2): The coefficient for carbon dioxide is positive and statistically significant across all quantiles, indicating a positive relationship with mortality. The impact of carbon dioxide on mortality decreases as we move from lower to higher quantiles. For example, a 1% increase in CO2 leads to a 0.32% increase in mortality at the 10th percentile, while this effect reduces to 0.198% at the 90th percentile. This suggests that the effect of CO2 emissions on mortality is more pronounced in countries with lower levels of mortality. Overall, the findings suggest that increased carbon dioxide emissions can lead to a higher mortality rate.Gross Domestic Product (LGDP): The coefficient for GDP is negative and statistically significant across all quantiles, indicating an inverse relationship with mortality. The negative impact of GDP on mortality tends to decrease in magnitude as we move from lower to higher quantiles. This suggests that economic growth is associated with a reduction in mortality rates.Urbanization Rate (LUP): The coefficient for the urbanization rate is positive and statistically significant across all quantiles, suggesting that a higher urbanization rate is associated with increased mortality. However, the positive impact of urbanization gradually decreases across higher quantiles.Renewable Energy (LRE): The coefficient for renewable energy consumption is negative and statistically significant across all quantiles, indicating that increased consumption of renewable energy is associated with a decrease in mortality rates. The negative impact of renewable energy tends to increase in magnitude across higher quantiles.In summary, the results suggest that higher carbon dioxide emissions and urbanization rates are associated with increased mortality, while higher GDP and renewable energy consumption are associated with decreased mortality. The magnitude of these effects varies across different quantiles of the mortality distribution. Table 1. Quantile regression estimation resultsNvariables90th75th50th25th10thlCO20.1891***0.1052***0.3252***0.1029***0.5123***LGDP-0.5768***-0.6749***-0.0630***-1.1041***-1.2321***LUP0.9183**0.5175**0.2967**0.2030**0.9842**LRE-0.1932***-0.0122***-0.6902***-0.2491***-0.9181***Note that the symbols *** , ** and * indicate significance levels (1%) , (5%) and (10%), respectively. Table 2. Table Title GroupNMeanStd. DeviationStd. Error MeanPosttestFactor 1xxxx.xxx.xx.xxFactor 2xxxx.xxx.xx.xx*Here is a note on the table.ConclusionAir pollution is a complex mixture of gases and particulate matter containing organic and inorganic pollutants in the air. This pollution has serious negative effects on human health and can lead to respiratory diseases, heart conditions, and even premature death. Environmental changes and globalization play a significant role in increasing air pollution and can contribute to the spread of diseases and viruses worldwide. Improving air quality and reducing air pollution can occur through the transition to cleaner energy sources, support for renewable energies, and the reduction of pollutant production. These measures can help decrease mortality caused by air pollution.Given the importance of public health, studies on air pollution and its effects on humans are essential. Serious efforts to reduce air pollution and improve air quality can help protect public health and reduce premature mortality. In this paper, the impact of air pollution on the economy and human health has been investigated.In this research, using the quantile regression method and analyzing data from the RCEP member countries from 1996 to 2018, certain results have been obtained. The results indicate that in all quantile deciles, the use of renewable energy has had a significant and negative impact on mortality. The research findings suggest that the use of renewable energy sources can facilitate improved air quality and reduced air pollution, consequently lowering mortality due to air pollution.Furthermore, the research results show that an increase in gross domestic product can lead to a decrease in the mortality rate caused by air pollution. Increased gross domestic product improves economic and social conditions, which can, in turn, facilitate better health and a reduction in mortality rates. However, the emission of carbon dioxide and the rate of urbanization lead to an increase in the mortality rate. Carbon dioxide emissions and an increased rate of urbanization lead to serious problems in societies. Increased carbon dioxide contributes to global warming and climate change, which have negative impacts on public health. An increased rate of urbanization leads to a higher mortality rate in societies. The reasons for this include traffic and road accidents, air pollution, and reduced access to healthcare services.
مطالعات اقتصادی مرتبط با حاملهای انرژی (فسیلی، تجدیدپذیر و برق)
Mahnaz Rezazadeh; Saeed Daei-Karimzadeh; Shahram Moeeni
Abstract
Energy security and environmental sustainability have been identified as key economic challenges in recent years. Most countries have shown a strong interest in achieving significant economic development through the development of exports and its diversification, and gradually the share of innovative ...
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Energy security and environmental sustainability have been identified as key economic challenges in recent years. Most countries have shown a strong interest in achieving significant economic development through the development of exports and its diversification, and gradually the share of innovative produced goods and services in total exports surpassed traditional exports. This change in the export pattern may change energy needs because the energy needed to produce new and industrial products (such as spacecraft, electrical equipment, telecommunication equipment, and..) is relatively higher. The exports diversification is a trade indicator and can play a role in encouraging the consumption of renewable energy. In this paper, the impact of diversification export, extensive export margin and intensive export margin as determinants of renewable energies, using the CS-ARDL model in countries with natural resource rents during the period of 2000-2020 has been investigated. The results of the study in the estimation of the first model show that the increase in export diversification has a positive effect on the consumption of clean energy, and the increased export diversification generally increases the consumption of these energies. Also, the estimation results of the second model indicate that the extensive export margin, which emphasizes the export of new products, has a positive and significant effect on the ratio of clean energy consumption, but the intensive export margin, which emphasizes the development of traditional trade, has a negative significant effect. It has a ratio of clean energy consumption. IntroductionEnergy demand and its determinants have been controversial in the energy economics literature. Since the 19th century, global energy demand has increased by 2.5% per year. On the other hand, the consumption of non-renewable energy is a factor in environmental degradation and can trigger climate change, which becomes a serious threat to sustainable growth (Kaygosuz, 2007). The rapid increase in energy intensity in many industries may cause the depletion of fossil resources, so experts warn that with the current energy consumption, non-renewable energy resources will probably end by 2040 (Bielska et al. cited in Asgari et al.2023).One of the important factors affecting energy demand is international trade, which, according to empirical evidence, energy demand, in addition to trade volume, is strongly dependent on the composition of countries' export baskets in terms of export diversity (Shehzad et al., 2021a). Export diversification is intended to increase the number of exported goods and reduce dependence on a single source of income. The more diversified a region's economy is, the less sensitive it is to fluctuations (Nasiri and Nunezhad, 2020). Export diversification can generate economic benefits through two channels: product diversification or partner diversification (Shehzad et al., 2021b). The International Monetary Fund and the World Bank recommend that developing and emerging economies adopt export diversification strategies to reduce dependence on specific exports and generate sustainable income. Export-related policies for developing and developed economies may conflict with sustainable development goals and environmental protection goals. This leads researchers to ask whether such trade strategies are good or bad for the environment and cleaner energy production. And this is because export diversification is closely related to energy consumption and the overall energy mix, while most developing and developed economies consume abundant fossil fuels and non-renewable energies (Shahbaz et al., 2019). Therefore, given the aforementioned conditions, it was necessary to investigate whether do developing countries that have high natural resource rents in their economies and relatively free energy have an incentive to use renewable energies by diversifying exports? And under what conditions, can these countries clean the decrease or increase of energy consumption?Methods and MaterialIn this study, information was collected using the library document method, using books, articles, theses, and databases to collect literature and statistical data. Theoretical foundations and research literature were collected using a data mining tool, and in order to obtain statistical data related to the indicators, the World Bank database and international institutions and organizations such as the IMF and the UNCTAD database were used. This article, as the first study, examines the effect of export diversification on renewable energy demand in developing countries with oil exports and medium to high pollution, including Iran, Saudi Arabia, Iraq, the United Arab Emirates, Kuwait, Nigeria, Kazakhstan, Mexico, Colombia, Algeria, Qatar, Malaysia, Gabon, Egypt, and Indonesia, along with other control variables, during the period 2000-2020, using the CS-ARDL model.To test the aforementioned relationship, following the model presented in the study by Sharma et al. (2021, b), the following models were used: (1) (2) Results and DiscussionAs mentioned, two models were used to examine the effect of export diversification on renewable energy consumption. In the first model, the effect of export diversity, economic growth, degree of openness, natural resource rent, and research and development variables on renewable energy consumption were examined, and in the second model, the effect of broad and narrow export margins was analyzed. Based on the results of the first model and in the long run, the export diversity variable of the selected countries has had a positive effect on the consumption of renewable energy, and in other words, with increasing export diversity, the consumption of renewable energy has increased. Therefore, export diversity and its growth have reduced the use of fossil fuels and increased the proportion of renewable energy use. Also, economic growth has had a positive and significant effect on the consumption of renewable energy. Another variable is natural resource rent, which is significant, and an increase in natural resource rent reduces the consumption of renewable energy. Finally, the results related to the research and development variable indicate that this variable has had a positive effect on the consumption of renewable energy.After estimating the second model and with the presence of extensive and intensive margin indicators in the long run, the coefficient of the extensive export margin variable has the necessary significance and its coefficient has become positive. Therefore, for the extensive margin variable, which in a way emphasizes the expansion of trade through the development of new export markets, the effect of the variable on the consumption of new energies has increased. Also, the coefficient of the intensive export margin variable has the necessary significance, but this coefficient has become negative and in a way emphasizes that the increase in the intensive margin has reduced the proportion of renewable fuel consumption. However, the reason for the negative effect of the intensive export margin on the consumption of renewable fuels is that because these countries have high natural resource rents, as a result, the development of exports of these countries to their traditional destinations mainly includes figures related to these resources, and since exports related to these products, including petrochemical, oil and gas products, in a way require a large consumption of fossil fuels, as a result, it has increased the proportion of fossil fuel consumption. The degree of openness has the necessary significance and its coefficient has also become positive, and in other words, with increasing integration in the global economy, the proportion of clean fuels has increased. Also, the coefficient of the natural resource rent variable has also been significant and its coefficient has also become negative, in other words, with the increase in the ratio of natural resource rent in the economy, the use of clean fuels has decreased. Also, the increase in clean energy with a short-term break has been able to improve the ratio of clean energy use in the economy. The variable of investment in research and development has also been significant. The coefficient of this variable has also been positive, in other words, with the increase in the ratio of research and development, the use of fossil fuels has decreased and the use of clean fuels has increased.ConclusionIn general, the sustainable development literature emphasizes that different countries, while developing their exports and economic growth, should be sensitive to the relationship between these variables due to the importance of the environment, because perhaps in the short term this growth and diversification of exports can improve welfare, but in the long term it will reduce the welfare of the people of the society through environmental problems. Accordingly, and according to the estimated results of this study, the export development of countries with natural resource rents has greatly increased the consumption of fossil fuels in this group of countries, and this can affect economic growth and export development in these countries in the future, and especially the consequences of that growth will confront society with environmental and health problems. Another point that is clearly visible in the results of the studies is the effects of technological development on the development of clean and renewable fuels, which the results of this study emphasize in both the short and long term. Also, the degree of openness, which shows the degree of economic integration of a country and to some extent emphasizes the development of trade, has caused a decrease in the proportion of fossil fuel consumption. Based on the results and as observed, trade development based on trade growth through traditional trade has had a negative impact on the proportion of renewable energy consumption in the long term and in a way emphasizes that the development of traditional trade, since it is related to natural resource rents and especially cheap energy rents, has ultimately increased the consumption of fossil fuels. However, changing this indicator to a wide margin, which is in a way an emphasis on the development of new export markets and distancing from traditional trade, and since the conquest and development of new markets requires the development of new knowledge and technology, the impact of this indicator in the long term has increased the proportion of clean fuel consumption. Therefore, and finally, it seems that in countries, especially with oil rents and natural resources, and due to the dependence of their competitive advantage in exports on the consumption of fossil fuels, in practice the development of exports and ultimately economic growth will lead to increased destruction of the environment and natural resources, and as mentioned in previous studies in this field, the path to sustainable development and sustainable export development in these countries will pass through the path of technological development, and through this path the consumption of clean fuels will also increase.Acknowledgments With due appreciation and thanks to the learned and wise professors who helped me in writing this article, as well as my dear family who supported me financially and spiritually.
مطالعات اقتصادی مرتبط با حاملهای انرژی (فسیلی، تجدیدپذیر و برق)
Akbar Sheidaei habashi; Seyed Kamal Sadeghi; Davood Behboudi
Abstract
The purpose of this research is to investigate different levels of country risk and its role in the relationship between renewable energy consumption and economic growth in Iran, during the period (1997-2021). In terms of purpose, this research is of applied type and in terms of causal-analytical method, ...
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The purpose of this research is to investigate different levels of country risk and its role in the relationship between renewable energy consumption and economic growth in Iran, during the period (1997-2021). In terms of purpose, this research is of applied type and in terms of causal-analytical method, and the method of collecting information is of documentary-library type. After calculating the threshold value of each variable, we analyzed the effect of renewable energy consumption on economic growth using the threshold distance of different country risks. The results indicate the non-linear effect of renewable energy consumption on economic growth under different risks in the country. This research is one of the first studies in Iran that analyzed the relationship between renewable energy consumption and economic growth based on a risk-based approach. According to the regression model described in the current research, this research provides suggestions for developing a suitable strategic plan with the aim of specifying short-term and long-term goals, and future vision, as a road map for those involved.
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• مطالعات اقتصادی مرتبط با حاملهای انرژی (فسیلی، تجدیدپذیر و برق)
Marzieh Asgari; Morteza Khorsandi; Abdolrasol Ghasemi
Abstract
Renewable energies are more compatible with the environment and their preparation and production have less pollution. In addition, since there is no end in sight for this type of energy, renewable energies take on a greater share in the world's energy supply system day by day, even in countries with ...
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Renewable energies are more compatible with the environment and their preparation and production have less pollution. In addition, since there is no end in sight for this type of energy, renewable energies take on a greater share in the world's energy supply system day by day, even in countries with fossil energy. The purpose of this research is to investigate the factors affecting the consumption of renewable energy in OPEC member countries using the panel data approach in the period from 2004 to 2018. In this research, the effects of factors such as good governance index, human capital, carbon dioxide emission intensity, income (GDP) and crude oil price were investigated. The results of estimating the model using the feasible generalized least squares (FGLS) method indicated that the good governance index, human capital, carbon dioxide emission intensity and income (GDP) have a positive and significant effect on the consumption of renewable energy in OPEC member countries, but the Crude oil price Does not have a significant effect on the consumption of this group of energies in the mentioned countries. Factors such as the high cost of establishing renewable industries in OPEC member countries and the dependence of these countries' economies on oil revenues can be considered among the reasons for this result.
• مطالعات اقتصادی مرتبط با حاملهای انرژی (فسیلی، تجدیدپذیر و برق)
Mohsen Kakakhani; Mojaba Almasi; kiomars sohaili
Abstract
One of the goals of the green economy is to reduce the negative environmental effects caused by the use of natural resources in developing economies. Investigating the separation of economic growth from fossil fuels is a key task that has been addressed in few studies. Therefore, the main purpose of ...
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One of the goals of the green economy is to reduce the negative environmental effects caused by the use of natural resources in developing economies. Investigating the separation of economic growth from fossil fuels is a key task that has been addressed in few studies. Therefore, the main purpose of this research is to investigate the effect of economic freedom on the process of separating economic growth from fossil fuels. In this study, the method of estimating the model is based on panel data, which is in the period (2000-2020) and for "developing countries (Iran, Brazil, India and China) and developed countries (America, England, Germany and France)" has been done. The estimated models are presented in the form of multivariate linear regression models according to the research hypotheses. Based on the obtained results, the economic freedom variable had a positive and significant relationship with the dependent variable (economic growth rate). Therefore, for both groups of countries at the 95% confidence level, economic freedom had a positive and significant effect on the process of separating economic growth from fossil fuels
• مطالعات اقتصادی مرتبط با حاملهای انرژی (فسیلی، تجدیدپذیر و برق)
Sepideh Abedi; Matin Kazemi Namin; Ali Akbar Yaghobi; Shaghayegh Asadi Shizari; Maedeh Morsalpour
Abstract
The increasing population and rising demand for water and energy supply, along with the exacerbation of environmental pollution effects on natural and human resources, demonstrate the vital need for a cohesive movement toward the water, energy, and environment Nexus (WEEN). Since the electricity generation ...
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The increasing population and rising demand for water and energy supply, along with the exacerbation of environmental pollution effects on natural and human resources, demonstrate the vital need for a cohesive movement toward the water, energy, and environment Nexus (WEEN). Since the electricity generation industry has a significant share in water and fuel consumption and CO2 emissions in Iran, in this study, the application of a combined renewable system in the Zarand Steam Power Plant was evaluated based on the Nexus approach. Solar system designing and carbon balance evaluation during plant lifetime was conducted via PVSyst software in 2021. Also, an environmental model of ReCipe was applied to evaluate the effect of carbon reduction on the ecosystem. The results have shown that replacement of at least 1% of the nominal capacity of the fossil power plant with renewable sources, will significantly prevent 1249/46 t CO2 emission annually in this power plant which is equivalent to 362/160 m3 fossil resources storage and 373/73 TOE.year-1 energy savings. Also, the results showed that in addition to protecting valuable natural resources, the combined cycle will lead to a significant reduction in water demand equivalent to 3660 m3 having the capacity of supplying underground water resources. Considering the benefits of saving water and energy resources and reducing carbon emissions, from the NEXUS approach, in addition to managing energy supply through replacing resources and using water and heat recovery technologies, applying energy demand management policies based on energy efficiency and its environmental effects is suggested..
• سیاستگذاریهای اقتصادی و مالی در حوزههای فوقالذکر در سطوح ملی، منطقهای و جهانی
Amrollah Amini; Hassan Amoozadeh Khalili
Abstract
Today, energy demand has increased as a result of population growth around the world. Due to the limited fossil energy resources and the problems caused by greenhouse gas emissions, it is necessary to pay more attention to renewable energy, because in this way, the goals of sustainable development can ...
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Today, energy demand has increased as a result of population growth around the world. Due to the limited fossil energy resources and the problems caused by greenhouse gas emissions, it is necessary to pay more attention to renewable energy, because in this way, the goals of sustainable development can be achieved. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to properly evaluate the performance of renewable energy technologies and also to investigate the relationship between renewable energy, carbon dioxide emissions, and sustainable development in Iran and compare it with non-renewable energy. In order to rank renewable energy carriers and identify the best type of them for electricity generation in Iran, a multi-criteria decision model has been used. In this regard, by conducting library studies and collecting the opinions of experts, a set of criteria in the form of four technical, economic, social, and environmental dimensions has been determined. Then, using the VIKOR approach, renewable energies consisting of wind, hydropower, solar, biomass, and geothermal energies are discussed. Findings indicate a high priority of wind energy and solar, hydropower, geothermal and biomass are in the next ranks. The results indicate that the effect of positive momentum on the share of renewable and non-renewable energy on sustainable development in Iran is positive.
• مطالعات اقتصادی مرتبط با حاملهای انرژی (فسیلی، تجدیدپذیر و برق)
Ali Hossein Ostadzad
Abstract
Due to the importance of economic relations and environmental potential issues, the relationship between economic growth and environmental degradation is a very important issue. Therefore, understanding the relationship between GDP growth, consumption and extraction of fossil fuels, use of renewable ...
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Due to the importance of economic relations and environmental potential issues, the relationship between economic growth and environmental degradation is a very important issue. Therefore, understanding the relationship between GDP growth, consumption and extraction of fossil fuels, use of renewable energy, and emissions in the Iranian economy are very important for sustainable development. In this study, we try to investigate how emissions (as the main cause of pollution) are affected by per capita income growth, innovation, renewable energy consumption, and extraction from non-renewable energy resources in a model with four equations (for Iran in period 1979 to 2019). By reviewing the wide range of studies, the framework developed in this paper has not been investigated in domestic or international studies. On the other hand, in this research, for estimating nonlinear simultaneous equations, the multi-objective optimization method and its application for estimating simultaneous equations in econometrics have been developed. (This method can be a way to estimate nonlinear simultaneous equations in future studies). The results showed innovation activities have not been able to have a significant effect on reducing pollution emissions for the Iranian economy. Also, we found out the consumption of renewable energy has not had a significant effect on reducing pollution emissions. Also, the existence of the Kuznets environmental hypothesis was confirmed and Iran is in the upward part of this curve.
• مطالعات اقتصادی مرتبط با حاملهای انرژی (فسیلی، تجدیدپذیر و برق)
sanaz karimpour; Reza Shakeri Bostanabad; abdolrasoul ghasemi
Abstract
Energy has always played a very important role in human life and is one of the factors that can make economic growth possible. Today, many countries are struggling to invest in new technologies by using renewable energy sources such as solar energy, wind energy, or water energy as their needed sources ...
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Energy has always played a very important role in human life and is one of the factors that can make economic growth possible. Today, many countries are struggling to invest in new technologies by using renewable energy sources such as solar energy, wind energy, or water energy as their needed sources of energy, which, as compared to fossil fuels, generate lower environmental pollution. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the economic growth of the selected countries of the MENA region from renewable energy sources using the Panel Vector Autoregressive Model in the period of 1990-2015. The results of the study showed that the variable of the total energy produced from renewable sources has the largest share in explaining the changes in the economic growth of the countries under study and its explanatory value reaches 56% in the long run. Given the significant impact of renewable energy consumption on economic growth, suitable policies for renewable energy are needed to achieve a high level of production and social welfare. In this regard, granting financial incentives, establishing a fund for renewable energy by the government, and creating conditions for developing the renewable energy industry in the country could be solutions
saeed shavalpour; Elahe Kaviani
Abstract
The paper investigates the effects of oil price fluctuations on the installed capacity of wind energy in developing countries in comparison with the impact of economies of scale and technical learning. To this end, we used rolling regression analysis and data from 2003 to 2015 to calculate annual technical ...
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The paper investigates the effects of oil price fluctuations on the installed capacity of wind energy in developing countries in comparison with the impact of economies of scale and technical learning. To this end, we used rolling regression analysis and data from 2003 to 2015 to calculate annual technical learning rates. Using the panel data regression and autoregressive model based on panel data we analyzed the effect of oil price fluctuations on wind energy installed capacity as the most advanced renewable energy in developing countries. The results show that oil price changes in the long run have a positive but limited impact on the development of renewable energy in developing countries. Oil price shocks, although in the short term and driven by the incentive of developing countries to transfer higher-tech technologies to renewable energy can not in the long term alone, guarantee the development of renewable energy in these countries
sharareh majdzadeh tabatabaei; Ebrahim Hadian
Abstract
The main objectives of the present study were evaluation of the economic, welfare and environmental effects of applying Feed-in tariff policy in the Iranian Economy. In this regard, the E3 type of hybrid recursive dynamic model was studied. Therefore, the model is used for the period of 1390-1404, to ...
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The main objectives of the present study were evaluation of the economic, welfare and environmental effects of applying Feed-in tariff policy in the Iranian Economy. In this regard, the E3 type of hybrid recursive dynamic model was studied. Therefore, the model is used for the period of 1390-1404, to evaluate the effects of FIT policy under two different scenarios, similar and different guaranteed purchase price, in order to achieve 10% share for renewable energy in total electricity production in 1404. The result shows that in in both cases, pollution and its social cost reduction has been mainly caused because of the reduction in the sectorial GDP. Therefore, a definitive statement about the selection of a proper policy depends on the environmental purposes of the country.
hamidreza arbab; Ali Emami Meibodi; Saba Rajabi Ghadi
Abstract
The amount of energy consumption per growth affects on economic growth in all countries, so the access of world countries to variety of energy is essential for economic growth. Numerous studies in a world have shown that the pace of growth of energy consumption will largely depend on the level of economic ...
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The amount of energy consumption per growth affects on economic growth in all countries, so the access of world countries to variety of energy is essential for economic growth. Numerous studies in a world have shown that the pace of growth of energy consumption will largely depend on the level of economic growth. The present study aims to investigate on the researches that has been done on impact of the renewable energy consumption on the economic growth, all over the world. And after that the relation between renewable energy consumption and growth in a selected countries of OPEC members during 1985-2014. With unit root test determine stability of data and proved that all data are stable. The linear Granger causality test indicate unidirectional causality from energy consumption to growth. F limer and hausman test also stimate for determining the Regression model.
Zahra Jalili; Abbas Alavi Rad; Ebrahim Sharifi
Abstract
Nowadays, greenhouse gas emissions and consumption of fossil fuels has led to environmental problems such as global warming which result in using low carbon energy sources and renewable energy as a potential substitute for fossil fuels and nonrenewable energy. This study is going to investigate Environmental ...
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Nowadays, greenhouse gas emissions and consumption of fossil fuels has led to environmental problems such as global warming which result in using low carbon energy sources and renewable energy as a potential substitute for fossil fuels and nonrenewable energy. This study is going to investigate Environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) for 11 elected OPEC countries, from 1980 to 2013 by using nonlinear quadratic model. The consumption of renewable and nonrenewable energy are considered together in this model which has been carried out by PMG (Pooled Mean Group). According to the outcomes of the research the Environmental Kuznets curve hypothesis is confirmed in these selected countries and studied period. The coefficient of nonrenewable energy consumption is statistically significant at the 0.01 significance level. Its estimated coefficient is 0.67 and states a 1% increase in nonrenewable energy consumption which leads to CO2 emission rise by 0.67%. It indicates that overusing of nonrenewable energy and fossil fuels increases environmental and air pollution. Also, the coefficient of renewable energy consumption is -0.005 that it is not statistically significant.
Morteza Tahami Pour; Samaneh Abedi; Reza Karimi Baba Ahmadi; Morteza Ebrahimi Zadeh
Abstract
Development of renewable energy would help to achieve the goals of economic, social and ecological development which are considered as the most important factors in achieving sustainable development in each country. This article examines the impact of real economic growth per capita on the country's ...
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Development of renewable energy would help to achieve the goals of economic, social and ecological development which are considered as the most important factors in achieving sustainable development in each country. This article examines the impact of real economic growth per capita on the country's clean energy deals during the period 1967-2012 in Iran. To this end, the pattern Auto Regressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) and Co-Integration method are employed to determine the presence of short and long-term relations among the variables. The results show that the speed of adjustment is relatively high error correction model and the model is able to adjust the 61% of short-term imbalance error, to achieve long-run equilibrium. According to the corresponding estimations, the relationship between real economic growth per capita and renewable energy consumption, combustible renewable and waste consumption and electrical energy consumption in both short-term and long-term is negative. Also Long-term results have showed a significant negative relationship between electrical energy consumption, renewable energy consumption combustible renewable and waste consumption and real economic growth per capita. So, in long- term, increasing one percent consumption of the mentioned variables, cause to decrease the real economic growth per capita to 0.71, 0.72 and 0.79 respectively.
Karim Eslamloueyan; Ali Hussein Ostadzad
Abstract
Environmental tax and subsidy are two key instruments used in many countries to prevent environmental degradation and to achieve sustainable development. Using game theoretic approach, this paper develops and calibrates a model to determine optimum indirect environmental tax for Iran. More specifically, ...
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Environmental tax and subsidy are two key instruments used in many countries to prevent environmental degradation and to achieve sustainable development. Using game theoretic approach, this paper develops and calibrates a model to determine optimum indirect environmental tax for Iran. More specifically, in the first stage the government sets green taxes and subsides, and in the second stage, the final goods and energy producing firms take these rates and choose their inputs. This dynamic game is solved by backward induction. Prior to our calibration, the production functions for fossil energy, renewable energy - as an intermediate goods - and final goods are estimated. The model is calibrated by using the Iranian data for the period 2015. The results indicate that the optimum green tax rate on fossil energy producing firm and final goods firm are 18 and 9 percent, respectively. These results have important policy implications for policymakers and social planners in Iran.
Sharareh Majdzadeh Tabatabaei; Ebrahim Hadian; Mansour Zibaei
Abstract
The main purpose of this paper is to determine the amount of subsidy required to promote the share of renewable energy in total electricity production. To do so, different scenarios have been studied by a hybrid approach of Computable General Equilibrium model. The results have been created by entering ...
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The main purpose of this paper is to determine the amount of subsidy required to promote the share of renewable energy in total electricity production. To do so, different scenarios have been studied by a hybrid approach of Computable General Equilibrium model. The results have been created by entering the details of technology-specific information for electricity generation into this model. The result of codification and calibration of the model shows that in the case of applying same subsidy to achieve 10 present shares of renewable energies in total electricity production, there is a need for 851 percent subsidy rate. Although in this case the wind energy is the only activated resource and the solar and biogas sections have not succeeded in achieving any rise in production rate. The other scenario was based on the unequal subsidy, proportional to disadvantage of different renewable energy. The result shows that, to achieve a balance growth of 4 percent energy productions from renewable sources, the rate of subsidy for wind energy should be 887 present. This rate for solar is 1776 present and for biogas is 1585 present. So, in the first scenario, the proper tariff for purchase of electricity from renewable energy is 4100 Rials per kWh. This tariff in the second scenario is 4260, 8520 and 7600 Rials per kWh respectively.
Abdolrasool Ghasemi; Roghayeh Mohammad Khanpour
Volume 4, Issue 13 , January 2015, , Pages 169-190
Abstract
The impact of information & communication technology (ICT) on people's lives can be study in different aspects. From economic and environmental perspective, the outcomes of the efficiency and productivity activities, has an important role because the improvement of efficiency provides a basis for ...
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The impact of information & communication technology (ICT) on people's lives can be study in different aspects. From economic and environmental perspective, the outcomes of the efficiency and productivity activities, has an important role because the improvement of efficiency provides a basis for reducing energy consumption .This Paper examines the impact of information & communication technology (ICT) on petroleum products in transportation Sector of the selected OECD & OPEC countries for the period 2000-2010 , and for this purpose ,dynamic panel modes are used. The results show that ICT has different rules in the samples. In the selected OECD countries, more use of information and communication technology can increase the intensity of consumption of petroleum products of the transportation sector, while in the selected OPEC countries more use of ICT can reduce the intensity of consumption of petroleum products of the transportation sector and ICT has the potential for reduction of energy intensity in the transportation sector of these countries that have high energy intensity.
Roholla Mahdavi
Volume 3, Issue 12 , October 2014, , Pages 178-145
Abstract
With regard to the ever-increasing need for energy in current societies to satisfy various requirements, scientists and researchers from different countries, such as Iran, have a basic approach in their agenda to achieve renewable energies، The scientists believe that with regard to the limited fossil ...
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With regard to the ever-increasing need for energy in current societies to satisfy various requirements, scientists and researchers from different countries, such as Iran, have a basic approach in their agenda to achieve renewable energies، The scientists believe that with regard to the limited fossil fuels and their environmental pollutions, renewable and clean energies can be the first alternative to generate energy، Our country, Iran, has numerous capabilities in the field of generating new and renewable energies، This fact emphasizes the need for an optimum model to develop the use of renewable energies، In line with this objective the costfunction is chosenas the objective function، Given the potential and limits ofrenewable energy (resources Limited), Consumptionof electricpowerin each of16regions (apply Limited) confidencelimits of renewable energy (technical limitations), the model was designed and with use Robust optimization model was solved in LINGO software،The optimum of using renewable energies suggests the 36،71% generation of small hydropower energy, 18،22% wind energy, 17،19% biomass energy, 13،43% geothermal energy, 12،53% tidal energy, and 1% solar energy. ;�|x-8�a X`Y %;line-height:110%;tab-stops:14.2pt;direction:ltr;unicode-bidi: embed'>2- Ciaschini, M et al (2011), “The Effects of Environmental Taxation Through a Dynamic CGE Model, Environmental Federalism: The Political Economy of the Design of Local Taxation and Environmental Protection”, Ancona, Italy, December 9-10, 2011 3- Devarajan, S. (1988), “Lecture Notes on Computable General Equilibrium Models”, John F. Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University, Mimeo, Processed. 4- Hosoe.N and et al (2010), “Textbook of Computable General Equilibrium Modelling: Programming and Simulations, Printed and bound in Great Britain by CPI Antony Rowe”, Chippenham and Eastbourne. 5- IEA (2012), World Energy Outlook. 6- Kulmer Y (2011), “Directed Technological Change in a Bottom-Up/Top-Down CGE model: Analysis of Passenger Transport, "Wegener Center for Climate and Global Change”, University of Graz, Austria. 7- Lofgren.H and et.al (2002), “A Standard Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) Model in GAMs”, International Food Policy Research Institute. 8- Orlov. A, Grethe. H and McDonald S, (2011), “Energy Policy and Carbon Emission in Russia: A Short Run CGE Analysis”, Presented at the 14th Annual Conference on Global Economic Analysis”, Venice, Italy.Solaymani. 9- S and Kari. F (2014), “Impacts of Energy Subsidy Reform on the Malaysian Economy and Transportation Sector”, Energy Policy, pp. 115-125. 10- Zhengning Pu and Hayashiyama Y (2012), Energy Resource Tax Effects on China’s Regional Economy by SCGE Model, Environmental Economics, vol. 3, issue 1, pp. 41-52. bidi:e�p'<8�a X`Y e='font-size:11.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:13.0pt; line-height:95%;mso-bidi-font-family:"B Zar";mso-bidi-font-style:italic'>13- Stern, J. (2007), “Gas-OPEC: A Distraction from Important Issues of Russian Gas Supply to Europe”. Oxford Energy Comment. 14- J.F. Nash Jr. (1950), “The Bargaining Problem”, Econometrica, 15(2):155_162. 17- Avrachenkov, K., Elias, J., Martignon, F., Neglia, G. and L. Petrosyan (2011), “A Nash bargaining solution for Cooperative Network Formation Games”, Networking 2011, pages 307–318, 2011 16- Shapley ,L. (1953), “A Value for n-person Games”, In H. Kuhn and A. Tucker, editors, Contribution to the Theory of Games II, page 307. Princeton University Press. 17- Shapley, L., and Shubik, M. (1969), “On Market Games”, Journal of Economic Theory, 1, 9-25. 19- Maskin, Erik (2003), “Coalitional Bargaining with Externalities, Keynote Lecture for the European Economic Association Conference 2003, Stockholm. 20-OME. “Future Natural Gas Supply Options and Supply Costs for Europe”, Report to Madrid Forum, Observatoire M´editerran´een de l’ Energie, 2004 21- Egging, R. and Gabriel, S. A.(2006), “Examining Market Power in the European Natural Gas Market”, Energy Policy, 34:2762–2778.
