نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار دانشکده اقتصاد دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی، تهران، ایران

2 کارشناسی ارشد اقتصاد دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی، تهران، ایران

چکیده

در این پژوهش به بررسی نقش تجارت به تفکیک صادرات و واردات کالاهای واسطه‌ای و نهایی بر تخریب محیط زیست، انتشار ‌دی‌اکسیدکربن، در قالب منحنی زیست‌محیطی کوزنتس پرداخته می‌شود. برای این منظور از یک مجموعه داده‌های تابلویی مربوط به کشورهای «سازمان همکاری و توسعه» و کشورهای غیر «سازمان همکاری و توسعه» طی سال‌های 1998 تا 2018 استفاده شده است. طبق نتایج، در تمامی نمونه‌ها منحنی زیست‌محیطی کوزنتس برقرار می‌باشد. از سوی دیگر، تجارت در کشورهای تأثیر مفید، یا معکوس، و در کشورهای غیر سازمان همکاری و توسعه و تمام کشورها تأثیر غیر مفید، یا مثبت و معنادار، بر میزان انتشار دی‌اکسیدکربن دارد. همچنین، یک نتیجه حائز اهمیت «سازمان همکاری و توسعه» اینکه واردات بدون نظر گرفتن نوع کالاها تأثیر مخرب‌تری نسبت به صادرات بر محیط زیست در تمامی حالت‌ها داشت. بر این اساس می‌توان گفت که نظریات حامی آثار مفید صادرات، مانند بهبود تکنولوژی، یا آثار مخرب واردات از طریق افزایش محصولات انرژی‌بر، توضیح‌دهنده بهتری نسبت به نظریات مصرف مخرب انرژی حاصل از صادرات یا آثار مفید واردات برای محیط زیست هستند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

CO2 Emission and Trade: Distinction between Import and Export of Intermediate and Final Goods

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ali Mazyaki 1
  • Mana Shaabani Rad 2
  • Arian Daneshmand 1

1 Department of Economics, Allameh Tabataba’i University, Tehran, Iran

2 M.Sc. in Economics, Allameh Tabataba’i University, Tehran, Iran

چکیده [English]

The main purpose of this study was to investigate the role of trade by export and import of intermediate and final goods on environmental degradation, and carbon dioxide emission, in the form of the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC). For this purpose, a panel data set of OECD, and non-OECD countries from 1998 to 2018 was used. According to the results, the EKC was established in all samples. In addition, while with a sample of OECD countries, trade has a beneficial or inverse effect on carbon dioxide emissions; with a sample of non-OECD countries, and that of all countries, a non-beneficial or direct effect from trade on carbon dioxide emissions prevails. Also, an important conclusion is that imports, regardless of the type of goods, had a more destructive effect on the environment than exports in all samples. Therefore, theories supporting beneficial effects of exports, e.g. improving technology, or destructive effects of imports through energy-intensive products, are better explanations of the issue than theories of destructive consumption of energy resulting from exports, or beneficial effects of imports for the environment

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Economic Carbon Dioxide Emissions
  • Trade
  • EKC
  • intermediate goods
  • Energy-intensive Technology
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