• اقتصاد سیاسی انرژی به ویژه در حوزه خلیج فارس
Zahra Dirkvand; Younes Nademi; Reza Maaboudi
Abstract
Due to the heavy reliance on oil revenue in oil-exporting countries, fluctuations in oil prices can impact the social behavior of individuals within society. As a result, it appears that social capital, as a process of social institutions, is affected by oil rent. The purpose of this research is to investigate ...
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Due to the heavy reliance on oil revenue in oil-exporting countries, fluctuations in oil prices can impact the social behavior of individuals within society. As a result, it appears that social capital, as a process of social institutions, is affected by oil rent. The purpose of this research is to investigate the impact of oil rent on social capital in selected OPEC oil-exporting countries from 2009 to 2020 using the threshold panel method. The findings indicate that the threshold value for the ratio of oil rent to GDP is estimated at 3.4%. Prior to this threshold, the ratio of oil rent to GDP had a positive and significant effect on social capital; however, after surpassing this threshold, the ratio of oil rent had a negative and significant effect on social capital. Inflation also had a non-linear effect on social capital, while government size did not have a significant impact. Based on these results and the detrimental effects of high levels of oil rent on social capital, it is necessary to control methods that divert oil resources towards rent-seeking activities. One solution could be removing control over oil rent from governments and transferring it directly to citizens. Experience with government management of oil has shown that instead of optimal allocation, most funds have been spent destructively; therefore, mismanagement has turned this divine gift into a curse.
Mohammad Ali Falahi; Mohammad Hossein Mahdavi Adeli; Fereshteh Jandaghi
Volume 3, Issue 11 , July 2014, , Pages 195-225
Abstract
Today, the abundance of natural resources and corruption are important economic issues, especially in developing countries. In this study, using pooled Ordinary Least Squares and panel data approaches, the relationship between these two factors in OPEC countries is estimated during 2003-2010. Along with ...
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Today, the abundance of natural resources and corruption are important economic issues, especially in developing countries. In this study, using pooled Ordinary Least Squares and panel data approaches, the relationship between these two factors in OPEC countries is estimated during 2003-2010. Along with the oil and mineral rents (as a measure of natural resource abundance), other control variables such as per capita income, degree of openness and democracy are applied. The results show that the oil and mineral rents have significant and positive effect on the corruption level. This relationship, using other measures instead of the oil rents, is re-confirmed. Per capita income and openness also have significant negative effects on the corruption level, and there is no evidence that improving democracy reduces the corruption level, although it moderates the negative effect of natural resources on the corruption.
