Karim Islamluian Islamluian; Ali Hossein Ostadzad
Volume 2, Issue 5 , January 2013, , Pages 1-48
Abstract
The main purpose of this study is to develop a model for determining the optimal shares of renewable and non-renewable sources of energy in a sustainable growth model. We develop an optimal control model in which nonrenewable and renewable sources of energy are inputs of production. The model allows ...
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The main purpose of this study is to develop a model for determining the optimal shares of renewable and non-renewable sources of energy in a sustainable growth model. We develop an optimal control model in which nonrenewable and renewable sources of energy are inputs of production. The model allows us to determine the optimal shares of renewable and nonrenewable energy inputs. Finally, we use the model to determine these shares for Iran. Genetic algorithms technique is used to estimate the coefficient for production and utility functions. We also estimate the pollution equation. Using these parameters, we derive the optimal paths for consumption, output and renewable and nonrenewable energy shares in Iran. The results show that the optimal share of renewable energy in total energy consumption is about 0.8 percent in 2010. While the actual share of renewable energy in Iran was 0.4 percent. Moreover, our model predicts this share should rise to 2.1 percent of total energy consumption by 2021 to be able to stay on sustainable growth path. This requires an average growth rate of 26 percent in renewable energy production each year.
Mehdi Moradpouravladi; Mohseni Ebrahim
Volume 2, Issue 5 , January 2013, , Pages 187-209
Abstract
Financial development is an important factor in economic growth, particularly in developing economies. Financial development can increase the efficiency of the financial system and on the other hand it can affect the energy demand. This paper investigates the relationship between financial development ...
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Financial development is an important factor in economic growth, particularly in developing economies. Financial development can increase the efficiency of the financial system and on the other hand it can affect the energy demand. This paper investigates the relationship between financial development and energy demand in Iran, Using the ARDL and ECM model in 1359 to 1386 . The paper seeks to answer the question whether there is a positive statistical relationship between two variables, financial development and energy demand. Finally, the existence of such a relationship was established in a statistical analysis both for short term and long term. Elasticity of the indicators of financial development in the long were obtained greater than 1. This indicates that the index of long term impact of financial development on energy demand is relatively high.
energy consumption, foreign trade, human development index have significant and positive effect on pollution; (iv) The results of static and dynamic models estimation are consistent together, although quantity of coefficients in dynamic model are smaller than static model. In dynamic model, the elasticity of pollution relative to institutions quality is (-0.2), which indicates dynamic effects of institutions quality on pollution is smaller than its static effects.
