• مطالعات اقتصادی مرتبط با حاملهای انرژی (فسیلی، تجدیدپذیر و برق)
Sahar Dashtban Farooji; Hassan Dargahi
Abstract
The study of Iran's position in the international trade network of natural gas shows that although Iran is the second country with natural gas resources in the world and has a special position in the transit of natural gas, it is not an important player in the international trade network of natural gas. ...
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The study of Iran's position in the international trade network of natural gas shows that although Iran is the second country with natural gas resources in the world and has a special position in the transit of natural gas, it is not an important player in the international trade network of natural gas. One of the most important issues for the development of international gas trade is to examine the possibility of exporting Iran's natural gas in the near future. The present study tries to estimate and simulate an econometric model including macroeconomic and energy variables, analyze the outlook of domestic demand and balance of natural gas in different conditions of Iran's macroeconomics, and assess the feasibility of exporting natural gas. The simulation of different scenarios for the period 2022-2032 shows three findings. Firstly, continuing the current policies result in the undesirable trend of the TFP at the macroeconomic level and economic inefficiency in the energy sector. Secondly, macroeconomic policy reforms in order to raise economic growth result in a negative natural gas balance. Thirdly, for the reduction of energy intensity, the energy price reform is not a sufficient policy, and emphasizing the non-price factors towards technical progress in order to rise energy efficiency is important. In addition, making an investment decision for infrastructure development of potential natural gas supply is important as a necessary condition.
Ali Faridzad; Sahar Norouzi; Ali Asghar Banoe
Abstract
Improving energy efficiency as one of the most important tools for managing energy demand leads to a phenomenon called Rebound Effect, which causes the energy savings achieved by improving energy efficiency not equal to the expected level. In this study, with employing Input-Output approach and the structural ...
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Improving energy efficiency as one of the most important tools for managing energy demand leads to a phenomenon called Rebound Effect, which causes the energy savings achieved by improving energy efficiency not equal to the expected level. In this study, with employing Input-Output approach and the structural decomposition analysis, we quantify the changes of electricity, natural gas and oil products consumption according to the final demand variations and technological progress in terms of changes in energy efficiency and intermediate demand during the period of 2001-2011. After examination of the economic sectors in which they experience improving energy efficiency, the rebound effect of the energy consumption for each energy carriers has been measured. The results of this study show that electricity, natural gas and oil products from 24 economic sectors in 11, 4, and 20 economic sectors have experienced improvements in energy efficiency due to technological advances. "Construction of basic metals", "Electricity" and "Manufacturing of non-metallic mineral products" have the highest reduction in energy consumption associated with these carriers respectively, and the "postal and support services" 62.83%, "Construction of coke and products from oil refining and nuclear fuel" with 147.72%, "Construction of chemical and chemical products" with 86.33% have the highest efficiency in electricity consumption, Natural gas and oil products. Considering inter-sectional and intra-intermediate interchanges, the rebound effects is increased in all sectors.
Hosein Mohammadi; Shirin Zarif
Abstract
Given that economic growth is one of the main goals of many of the economic policies of governments, and these policies can have side effects, such as environmental damage, attention to factors that improve the performance of the environment is important. In this study, the effects of variables such ...
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Given that economic growth is one of the main goals of many of the economic policies of governments, and these policies can have side effects, such as environmental damage, attention to factors that improve the performance of the environment is important. In this study, the effects of variables such as energy intensity (as one of the common variables of energy efficiency), use of chemical fertilizers, human development index and industrial value added, on the environmental performance index for the two groups of OPEC and OECD countries have been investigated using dynamic panel data approach during 2007-2014. The results showed that the increase of variables such as consumption of energy intensity, consumption of chemical fertilizers and industrial value added would decrease the EPI, so that the increase of one unit in the energy intensity variable will result in a decrease of 0.019 and 0.029 units in the environmental performance index in OPEC and OECD countries. According to the results of the study, it is possible to reduce environmental pollution by adopting policies such as implementing stringent regulations for environmental pollutants and limiting the use of energy, along with economic growth.
Mansour Mahinizadeh; Mohammad Ali Feizpour; Maryam Abedi
Abstract
Importance of renewable-energy resources because of scarcity, greenhouse-gas emissions, and their fundamental roles in production and sustainable development, has made governments to reduce energy consumption and improving energy efficiency. In this regard, targeting subsidies rule was running in Iran ...
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Importance of renewable-energy resources because of scarcity, greenhouse-gas emissions, and their fundamental roles in production and sustainable development, has made governments to reduce energy consumption and improving energy efficiency. In this regard, targeting subsidies rule was running in Iran since 2010. Since energy additionaly to labor and capital is one of the important inputs in production, running this rule with increasing energy price, affects manufacturing industries due to the type of energy and industry. In this research, the impacts of price liberalization on electricity efficiency have evaluated. Partial adjustment model, generalized method of moment and energy intensity measure are applied to this purpose. Data are collected from Statistical Center of Iran during 1995-2013. The research innovations are: using a partial adjustment model in evaluating efficiency, assessment whole industrial groups, and the period of research. The results show that in 95 percent level of confidence, the Iranian manufacturing industries are significantly flexible for changing the use of electricity. But the electricity efficiency has gotten worse after running the rule. In general, apposite of expectations, targeting subsidies rule has failed to improve electricity efficiency at least in short run.
Ali Taherifard; Mohammad Shirijian; Mohamma Reza Mehrafshan
Abstract
National Iranian Oil Company as the second largest oil company in the world and the biggest business complex of Iran has an undeniable importance in Iran, and its activities and management have significant impact on economic and political spheres of the country. The issue of reforming the NIOC articles ...
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National Iranian Oil Company as the second largest oil company in the world and the biggest business complex of Iran has an undeniable importance in Iran, and its activities and management have significant impact on economic and political spheres of the country. The issue of reforming the NIOC articles of association has been a matter of discussion for years in the legislative and administration departments. The stated reasons could be the separation of state duties from the company duties, defining company’s scope of work, omission of additional advantages and adjustment with the new upstream legislations. This study is an attempt to answer the question of “what are the features and principles of a desirable NIOC articles of association?” This question is dealt with by analyzing the past NIOC articles of association as well as examining the selected similar articles of association from National Oil Companies world-wide. Based on this analysis, the acts such as concentration of NIOC on company duties and administrative affairs, not being involved in government affairs and subsequently submission of all the responsibilities and authorizations related to conservation, controlling and supervision on upstream activities to The Ministry of Petroleum are suggested to the National Iranian Oil Company. Considering the professional and business essence of NIOC responsibilities, the activities of the company must be performed in a competitive context with no specific exclusive advantage. More specifically, NIOC can succeed in a competitive environment only under the circumstances of facing the risks inherent in its activities.
Davood Manzoor; Alireza Rahimi
Abstract
National Iranian Oil Company as the second largest oil company in the world and the biggest business complex of Iran has an undeniable importance in Iran, and its activities and management have significant impact on economic and political spheres of the country. The issue of reforming the NIOC articles ...
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National Iranian Oil Company as the second largest oil company in the world and the biggest business complex of Iran has an undeniable importance in Iran, and its activities and management have significant impact on economic and political spheres of the country. The issue of reforming the NIOC articles of association has been a matter of discussion for years in the legislative and administration departments. The stated reasons could be the separation of state duties from the company duties, defining company’s scope of work, omission of additional advantages and adjustment with the new upstream legislations. This study is an attempt to answer the question of “what are the features and principles of a desirable NIOC articles of association?” This question is dealt with by analyzing the past NIOC articles of association as well as examining the selected similar articles of association from National Oil Companies world-wide. Based on this analysis, the acts such as concentration of NIOC on company duties and administrative affairs, not being involved in government affairs and subsequently submission of all the responsibilities and authorizations related to conservation, controlling and supervision on upstream activities to The Ministry of Petroleum are suggested to the National Iranian Oil Company. Considering the professional and business essence of NIOC responsibilities, the activities of the company must be performed in a competitive context with no specific exclusive advantage. More specifically, NIOC can succeed in a competitive environment only under the circumstances of facing the risks inherent in its activities.
Hossein Sadeghi; Alireza Naseri; Leila Shahriari
Volume 2, Issue 8 , October 2013, , Pages 93-107
Abstract
Due to the growing demand for electricity it is inevitable to have new power plants. Given the large share of electricity production in thermal power plants, construction of gas burning power plants have particular importance. Because of the high construction cost of the new plants, it is advisable to ...
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Due to the growing demand for electricity it is inevitable to have new power plants. Given the large share of electricity production in thermal power plants, construction of gas burning power plants have particular importance. Because of the high construction cost of the new plants, it is advisable to start with improvement of the efficiency in the existing and plates. One important index in electricity industry, is the efficiency of power plants which concerns all the powerplants in the world. In order to increase it as much as possible, and reduce the loss of energy to a reasonable degree, this paper examined the performance impact of plant life and obtained 0.07 of electricity coefficient for the variable. We also examined other factors related to efficiency. Among the factors influencing efficiency of this type of power plants, the cost of fuel and average plant life and volume of production of electricity were also important. In this study a panel data from 34 gasplants in Iran was used for a period of 4 years (2008-2011).
