Zohreh Shirani Fakhr; Rahaman Khoshakhlagh
Abstract
In this study, we estimate the demand for energy in the industrial subsectors of Iran in terms of double-digit ISIC classification using structural time series model (STSM) over the period of 13601981-20091388. As a case study, we alsoAlso, as a case study we estimated the demand for energy in subsection ...
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In this study, we estimate the demand for energy in the industrial subsectors of Iran in terms of double-digit ISIC classification using structural time series model (STSM) over the period of 13601981-20091388. As a case study, we alsoAlso, as a case study we estimated the demand for energy in subsection subsectors of textile, apparel and leather products. Furthermore, we try to determine considered the role of different climates in energy demand of the industrial subsectors. Because Since the Targeting of Subsidies Plan was approved by the Iranian parliament at the end of 13892010, so we evaluated the role of this plan on energy demand of industrial subsectors too. By estimating the demand functions of electricity, natural gas, gas oil and mazut in subsection textile, apparel and leather products, it is found thatThe estimation results of demand for electricity, natural gas, gas oil and mazut fuel oil in three subsectors show that the estimated short-run price elasticities of these energy carriers are inelastic. The estimated long-run price elasticity of electricity is inelastic and long-run price elasticity of natural gas, gas oil and fuel oil mazut are more than unit. The estimated short-run output elasticities of these energy carries are inelastic and long- run output elasticities of electricity, gas oil and fuel oil mazut are inelastic and long- run output elasticitiy of natural gas are elastic. The result shows that the best climate for manufacture in textile sector is mild and humid climate. The results suggest that the nature ofAlso the trend of natural gas and fuel oil mazut demand are not linear and deterministic but stochastic in form andbut for electricity demand isn linear and deterministic. In aAdditionally, the result of evaluating effect of the Targeting of Subsidies Plan shows that the estimated demand for natural gas and fuel oil mazut demand functions can explain the impact of this policy.
Hamid Amadeh
Volume 2, Issue 8 , October 2013, , Pages 21-43
Abstract
Due to importance of energy factor in agricultural sector and considering the increasing energy price in recent years, analysis of energy demand is very important. In this paper in order to analyse agricultural energy demand, OLS, FMOLS and Johansen cointegration method and ARDL approach ...
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Due to importance of energy factor in agricultural sector and considering the increasing energy price in recent years, analysis of energy demand is very important. In this paper in order to analyse agricultural energy demand, OLS, FMOLS and Johansen cointegration method and ARDL approach has been used and results of these methods have been compared. Data on energy price index, energy consumption and agricultural value added for priod 1355-1388 were used. Results showed that long run and short run price elasticity of energy consumtion are between -0.3 to -0.327 and -0.09 to -0.102 respectively. Also income elasticity of energy consumption estimated egual to 0.7. Results of OLS estimation of Log-Log model, Johansen cointegration method and ARDL approach are very similar. Because of price inelasticity of energy consumption especially in the shortrun, price policies are not likely to reduce energy consumtion considerably. Price policies can be more effective in the longrun, but this is subject to improvemeats in the energy consumption technology.
Saeed Sadzada Mogadam; Zin al-Abedin Sadeghi; Ahmad Quds Elahi
Volume 2, Issue 6 , April 2013, , Pages 107-127
Abstract
This paper intends to estimate the energy demand function in industry section based on the two-stage optimization approach. Consequently, it defines the substitution elasticity between inputs. Energy demand estimation in various sections makes it feasible to define energy policies. At the first phase ...
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This paper intends to estimate the energy demand function in industry section based on the two-stage optimization approach. Consequently, it defines the substitution elasticity between inputs. Energy demand estimation in various sections makes it feasible to define energy policies. At the first phase the key influential factors on the energy demand function estimation in industry section which is one of high consumption section, were defined and at the next phase the elements of energy demand were determined through logit function and seemingly unrelated regression estimation and price and substitution elasticity were calculated.
Karim Islamluian Islamluian; Ali Hossein Ostadzad
Volume 2, Issue 5 , January 2013, , Pages 1-48
Abstract
The main purpose of this study is to develop a model for determining the optimal shares of renewable and non-renewable sources of energy in a sustainable growth model. We develop an optimal control model in which nonrenewable and renewable sources of energy are inputs of production. The model allows ...
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The main purpose of this study is to develop a model for determining the optimal shares of renewable and non-renewable sources of energy in a sustainable growth model. We develop an optimal control model in which nonrenewable and renewable sources of energy are inputs of production. The model allows us to determine the optimal shares of renewable and nonrenewable energy inputs. Finally, we use the model to determine these shares for Iran. Genetic algorithms technique is used to estimate the coefficient for production and utility functions. We also estimate the pollution equation. Using these parameters, we derive the optimal paths for consumption, output and renewable and nonrenewable energy shares in Iran. The results show that the optimal share of renewable energy in total energy consumption is about 0.8 percent in 2010. While the actual share of renewable energy in Iran was 0.4 percent. Moreover, our model predicts this share should rise to 2.1 percent of total energy consumption by 2021 to be able to stay on sustainable growth path. This requires an average growth rate of 26 percent in renewable energy production each year.
Mehdi Moradpouravladi; Mohseni Ebrahim
Volume 2, Issue 5 , January 2013, , Pages 187-209
Abstract
Financial development is an important factor in economic growth, particularly in developing economies. Financial development can increase the efficiency of the financial system and on the other hand it can affect the energy demand. This paper investigates the relationship between financial development ...
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Financial development is an important factor in economic growth, particularly in developing economies. Financial development can increase the efficiency of the financial system and on the other hand it can affect the energy demand. This paper investigates the relationship between financial development and energy demand in Iran, Using the ARDL and ECM model in 1359 to 1386 . The paper seeks to answer the question whether there is a positive statistical relationship between two variables, financial development and energy demand. Finally, the existence of such a relationship was established in a statistical analysis both for short term and long term. Elasticity of the indicators of financial development in the long were obtained greater than 1. This indicates that the index of long term impact of financial development on energy demand is relatively high.
energy consumption, foreign trade, human development index have significant and positive effect on pollution; (iv) The results of static and dynamic models estimation are consistent together, although quantity of coefficients in dynamic model are smaller than static model. In dynamic model, the elasticity of pollution relative to institutions quality is (-0.2), which indicates dynamic effects of institutions quality on pollution is smaller than its static effects.
